The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions
De-stress mining is one of the techniques used in mechanized, semi mechanized and conventional deep to ultra-deep gold mines in South Africa. This mechanism involves the use of face-perpendicular preconditioning practice that transfers induced stress far ahead from the mining faces. This paper aims...
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| Format: | Book chapter |
| Language: | English |
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CRC Press
2022
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429462078 http://hdl.handle.net/11408/4907 |
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| author | Sengani, F. Zvarivadza, T. |
| author_facet | Sengani, F. Zvarivadza, T. |
| author_sort | Sengani, F. |
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| description | De-stress mining is one of the techniques used in mechanized, semi mechanized and conventional deep to ultra-deep gold mines in South Africa. This mechanism involves the use of face-perpendicular preconditioning practice that transfers induced stress far ahead from the mining faces. This paper aims to highlight the effectiveness of face perpendicular preconditioning practice when mining heavily fractured ground. The trial was conducted in two sections of a deep level gold mine where the mining faces intersected the major faults. The ground conditions in the vicinity of the faults were heavily fractured, the previous geotechnical strategic designs made in order to mine the areas were not successful, leading to some of the ore being left unmined. Eventually, face perpendicular preconditioning practice was developed for such special areas. The developed face-perpendicular practice involved the use of five 4 m long drilled and blasted face-perpendicular preconditioning holes coupled with an increase in support density and with the use of 1.5 m long production holes. During the trial; no face burst/pillar bursting were reported, ground conditions on the hangingwall, sidewall and face were found to improve. A borehole camera was used to validate fracture frequency ahead of the mining faces while a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) was used to generate depth of fracturing ahead of the mining faces. Numerical modeling and microseismicity monitoring were also used to verify the results. |
| format | Book chapter |
| id | ir-11408-4907 |
| institution | My University |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | CRC Press |
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| spelling | ir-11408-49072022-06-28T10:31:27Z The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions Sengani, F. Zvarivadza, T. De-stress mining deep to ultra-deep gold mines face-perpendicular preconditioning practice Gold mining De-stress mining is one of the techniques used in mechanized, semi mechanized and conventional deep to ultra-deep gold mines in South Africa. This mechanism involves the use of face-perpendicular preconditioning practice that transfers induced stress far ahead from the mining faces. This paper aims to highlight the effectiveness of face perpendicular preconditioning practice when mining heavily fractured ground. The trial was conducted in two sections of a deep level gold mine where the mining faces intersected the major faults. The ground conditions in the vicinity of the faults were heavily fractured, the previous geotechnical strategic designs made in order to mine the areas were not successful, leading to some of the ore being left unmined. Eventually, face perpendicular preconditioning practice was developed for such special areas. The developed face-perpendicular practice involved the use of five 4 m long drilled and blasted face-perpendicular preconditioning holes coupled with an increase in support density and with the use of 1.5 m long production holes. During the trial; no face burst/pillar bursting were reported, ground conditions on the hangingwall, sidewall and face were found to improve. A borehole camera was used to validate fracture frequency ahead of the mining faces while a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) was used to generate depth of fracturing ahead of the mining faces. Numerical modeling and microseismicity monitoring were also used to verify the results. 2022-06-28T10:31:27Z 2022-06-28T10:31:27Z 2018 Book chapter 9780429462078 https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429462078 http://hdl.handle.net/11408/4907 en EUROCK2018: Geomechanics and Geodynamics of Rock Masses edited by Vladimir Litvinenko;Chapter 50 open CRC Press |
| spellingShingle | De-stress mining deep to ultra-deep gold mines face-perpendicular preconditioning practice Gold mining Sengani, F. Zvarivadza, T. The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions |
| title | The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions |
| title_full | The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions |
| title_fullStr | The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions |
| title_short | The implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions |
| title_sort | implementation of de-stress gold mining technique along complex geological structures and heavily fractured ground conditions |
| topic | De-stress mining deep to ultra-deep gold mines face-perpendicular preconditioning practice Gold mining |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429462078 http://hdl.handle.net/11408/4907 |
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