Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe
Acaricide resistance is one of the greatest threats towards the successful control of vector ticks worldwide. Communal farmers of Zimbabwe use amitraz as the most common acaricide with occasional usage of pyrethroids and organophosphates. As a strategy towards developing an effective acaricide resis...
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2018
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.10.017 http://hdl.handle.net/11408/3225 |
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| author | Sungirai, Marvelous Baron, S. Moyo, Doreen Zandile De Clercq, P. Maritz-Olivier, C. Madder, Maxime |
| author_facet | Sungirai, Marvelous Baron, S. Moyo, Doreen Zandile De Clercq, P. Maritz-Olivier, C. Madder, Maxime |
| author_sort | Sungirai, Marvelous |
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| description | Acaricide resistance is one of the greatest threats towards the successful control of vector ticks worldwide. Communal farmers of Zimbabwe use amitraz as the most common acaricide with occasional usage of pyrethroids and organophosphates. As a strategy towards developing an effective acaricide resistance management system in Zimbabwe, screening was done by genotyping Rhipicephalus microplus tick populations using molecular markers associated with resistance to these chemicals. The frequency of the mutant allele for the octopamine/tyramine receptor marker associated with amitraz resistance was high (0.55) and a large proportion 78.5% (288/367) of heterozygote genotypes were observed indicating balancing selection. Of the communal dipping tanks where R. microplus occurred 37.8% (39/103) showed complete resistance genotypes for amitraz. The carboxylesterase marker that has been associated with resistance to organophosphate and pyrethroids indicated no selection pressure in these chemical groups with a low frequency (0.052) of the mutant allele and 89.6% (329/367) sampled ticks showing homozygous susceptibility genotypes. Heterozygous genotypes were present at 27.2% (28/103) of the dipping tanks. The L641 mutation in the voltage–gated sodium channel gene associated with pyrethroid resistance was not detected in Zimbabwean samples. This would suggest a different mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids in these tick populations. Sequence analysis of the octopamine/tyramine receptor gene revealed the presence of other mutations in this region, it will be important to investigate their association with amitraz resistance. These results present the first molecular genotyping of resistance profiles of R. microplus tick populations from Zimbabwe. |
| format | Article |
| id | ir-11408-3225 |
| institution | My University |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | ir-11408-32252022-06-27T13:49:06Z Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe Sungirai, Marvelous Baron, S. Moyo, Doreen Zandile De Clercq, P. Maritz-Olivier, C. Madder, Maxime Acaricide resistance Genotyping Rhipicephalus microplus Acaricide resistance is one of the greatest threats towards the successful control of vector ticks worldwide. Communal farmers of Zimbabwe use amitraz as the most common acaricide with occasional usage of pyrethroids and organophosphates. As a strategy towards developing an effective acaricide resistance management system in Zimbabwe, screening was done by genotyping Rhipicephalus microplus tick populations using molecular markers associated with resistance to these chemicals. The frequency of the mutant allele for the octopamine/tyramine receptor marker associated with amitraz resistance was high (0.55) and a large proportion 78.5% (288/367) of heterozygote genotypes were observed indicating balancing selection. Of the communal dipping tanks where R. microplus occurred 37.8% (39/103) showed complete resistance genotypes for amitraz. The carboxylesterase marker that has been associated with resistance to organophosphate and pyrethroids indicated no selection pressure in these chemical groups with a low frequency (0.052) of the mutant allele and 89.6% (329/367) sampled ticks showing homozygous susceptibility genotypes. Heterozygous genotypes were present at 27.2% (28/103) of the dipping tanks. The L641 mutation in the voltage–gated sodium channel gene associated with pyrethroid resistance was not detected in Zimbabwean samples. This would suggest a different mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids in these tick populations. Sequence analysis of the octopamine/tyramine receptor gene revealed the presence of other mutations in this region, it will be important to investigate their association with amitraz resistance. These results present the first molecular genotyping of resistance profiles of R. microplus tick populations from Zimbabwe. 2018-10-02T12:26:37Z 2018-10-02T12:26:37Z 2018 Article 1877-959X https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.10.017 http://hdl.handle.net/11408/3225 en Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases;Vol. 9, No. 1: p. 2-9 open Elsevier |
| spellingShingle | Acaricide resistance Genotyping Rhipicephalus microplus Sungirai, Marvelous Baron, S. Moyo, Doreen Zandile De Clercq, P. Maritz-Olivier, C. Madder, Maxime Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe |
| title | Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe |
| title_full | Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe |
| title_fullStr | Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe |
| title_short | Genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of Zimbabwe |
| title_sort | genotytyping acaricide resistance profiles of rhipicephalus microplus tick populatios from communal areas of zimbabwe |
| topic | Acaricide resistance Genotyping Rhipicephalus microplus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.10.017 http://hdl.handle.net/11408/3225 |
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